A creative physicist has studied and compared the way computers and people think; how they solve problems. He formed a chess config that can be solved readily by some chess playing humans yet is more time-consuming for computers if they can resolve it at all. Roger Penrose wrote a book with the premise that human minds are grounded in the quantum realm. Hence human thought has an element of quantum computing to it implicitly. Thus one gets to what Roderick Chisholm might have called the problem of the criterion. As the quantum realm and quantum effects such as super-positioning transcend the material, steady state entanglement of atoms in the Universe at a deeper level, that is as in some ways it can be regarded as more ‘real’ or better as noumenal realm of being in-itself, one must just accept things on faith that this contingent reality is good.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2017/03/14/can-solve-chess-problem-holds-key-human-consciousness/
Probably it isn’t presently possible to design a computer or even a quantum computer entirely in the quantum realm as if it evolved and had an essential, primary function from-the-ground-up. Instead quantum computers will be designed from the contingent reality of this Universe (top down) to interact or compute a little in the instantaneous quantum realm. That is an essential difference between human consciousness if it has a quantum, innate element and quantum computers.
Garrison Gibson: books and blog 